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Asian Journal of Healthy and Science

p-ISSN: 2980-4302

e-ISSN: 2980-4310

Vol. 2 No. 6 June 2023

THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF PARENTS IS STILL 24% WORTH

ENOUGH ABOUT DENGUE FEVER PREVENTION AT PUSKESMAS II

SOUTH DENPASAR

I Nyoman Ribek, I Putu Artha Wiguna, I Ketut Labir, I Dewa Ayu Ketut

Surinati, I Made Mertha

Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

Email: nyomanribek0606@gmail.com, Wigunartha0@gmail.com,

iketutlabir2016@gmail.com, dwayu.surinati@gmail.com, mdmertha69@gmail.com

Abstract

The level of parental knowledge is still 24%, which is of sufficient value regarding the

prevention of dengue hemorrhagic fever in children 5-14 years and this is one of the

problems with dengue fever outbreaks. This study aims to determine the level of

knowledge of parents about the prevention of dengue fever in children 5-14 years.

The study was conducted at Puskesmas II Denpasar Selatan in February-April 2021.

The population of this study are parents who have children aged 5-14 years. Research

method with descriptive method, the number of samples is 58 respondents with total

sampling technique. Measuring tool used is a questionnaire and analyzed with

descriptive statistics. The results showed that the knowledge level of the respondents

showed an average score of 20.57 (good), then the lowest score was 16 (enough) and

the highest score was 25 (good), and most of them had good knowledge as many as

44 respondents (75.9%) and 14 respondents (24, 1%) sufficient knowledge. Based on

the age of 36-45 years as many as 30 respondents (51.7%). Female gender as many

as 31 respondents (53.4%). Jobs as private employees were 28 respondents (48.3%).

SMA / SMK education as many as 22 respondents (37.9%). The conclusion of this

study is that the level of knowledge of parents is still 24% of sufficient value and the

others have a good level of knowledge. It is recommended to improve educational

programs as a basis for preventing dengue fever in the family.

Keywords: knowledge level of parents; prevention of DHF; children 5-14 years;

INTRODUCTION

The background of this research is because the problem of dengue fever still

often causes extraordinary events (KLB), in Indonesia DHF still has a high morbidity

and death rate, especially in the case of children aged 5-14 years and in the research

site in 2020 there were 318 cases of Dengue Fever. According to data from the

Ministry of Health, on November 30, 2020, there were an additional 51 cases and an

additional 1 death. The highest proportion of DHF is at the age of 15-44 years

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(37.5%), then in the case of children aged 5-14 years (34.13%), aged 1-4 years

(14.88%), and the death rate / Case Fatality Rate (CFR) per age group with the

highest cases at the age of 5-14 years (34.13), then aged 1-4 years (28.57%)

(Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2020). Dengue hemorrhagic fever attacks all ages, most

of which attack children aged <15 years as much as 95% and about 5% attack infants

(NLK Sulisnadewi, Ni Made Ayu Chintya Dewi, 2016).

According to data from the Denpasar City Health Office in 2019 the Incident

Rate (IR) of Denpasar City in 2019 was 128.8/100,000 residents, which increased

significantly compared to 2018 of 12.3/100,000 residents in Denpasar City. Bali

Province has a high incidence rate (IR) compared to the case fatality rate (CFR).

Data from Puskesmas II Denpasar Selatan, which covers Sanur Village, Sanur Kaja

Village, Sanur Kauh Village, and Renon Village, obtained data on the incidence of

dengue hemorrhagic fever in the age range of <1 years - ≤45 years, for the last 3 years,

namely 2018, 2019 and 2020, the results of a significant increase in the incidence of

dengue hemorrhagic fever, namely, in 2018 as many as 2 cases, In 2019 there were

228 cases, and in 2020 there were 318 cases.

Data on the age of children 5-14 years old who have suffered from DHF in

January-December 2019-2020 at Puskesmas II South Denpasar is 58 people. Based

on this, it indicates the need for more parental attention to children with that age

range, parental knowledge in this case will greatly affect an action they take, actions

related to prevention efforts are important steps for the community, especially parents

to take an action that can help in avoiding the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic

fever. Lack of knowledge can influence a person to act in maintaining his health,

which will pose a great risk of spreading a disease, especially in the spread of dengue

hemorrhagic fever which has a higher risk. The results of interviews conducted with

10 parents in the working area of Puskesmas II Denpasar Selatan regarding

knowledge about dengue prevention, of the 10 parents interviewed as many as 6

people said they did not understand about dengue prevention and 4 people said they

were familiar with dengue prevention. By paying attention to personal hygiene,

children, and the environment, then increasing knowledge related to efforts to

prevent dengue hemorrhagic fever is needed such as, carrying out 3M Plus actions

launched by the government, namely closing tightly water reservoirs, draining places

that are often water reservoirs, such as bathtubs, jugs, and drums, utilizing/recycling

waste waste that has the potential to be a breeding ground for aedes aegypty

mosquitoes, Then you can also do fogging, giving abate powder, using mosquito

repellent, planting mosquito repellent plants, and raising larva-eating fish (Kemenkes

RI, 2017). Eradication of mosquito nests (PSN) that is not optimal is one of the causes

of the high morbidity rate of dengue hemorrhagic fever which can cause

extraordinary events (KLB).

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RESEARCH METHODS

This type of research is descriptive quantitative with a cross sectional approach

method. The study was conducted in February-April 2021. The population in this study

was all parents whose children aged 5-14 years had suffered from dengue hemorrhagic

fever in January-December 2019-2020 at Puskemas II South Denpasar as many as 58

people. The sampling technique in this study is a total sampling technique so that the

number of samples in this study is 58 respondents. Data was obtained from filling out

questionnaires given online using google form to respondents.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Table 1.

Frequency distribution of parental age characteristics At Puskesmas II Denpasar

South Tahun 2021

Age

Frequency (f)

Percentage (%)

25 – 35 years

36.2

36 – 45 years old

51.7

46-55 years old

12.1

Sum

100.0

In table 1, it showsthat the characteristics of respondents were studied based

on age, the majority were aged 36-45 years as many as 30 respondents (51.7%),

and the minority aged 46-55 years as many as 7 respondents (12.1%)

Tabel 2.

Frequency Distribution of Parental Sex Characteristics at Puskesmas II

South Denpasar in 2021

Gender

Frequency (f)

Percentage (%)

Man

46.6

Woman

53.4

Sum

100.0

Table 2 data shows that the characteristics of respondents based on gender,

most of the respondents studied were female (53.4%), and some were male 27

respondents (46.6%)

Table 3.

Frequency Distribution of Parents' Work Characteristics at Puskesmas II South

Denpasar in 2021

Work

Frequency (f)

Percentage (%)

Employees Swasta

48.3

Wiraswasta

19.0

Civil servants

5.2

Housewives

25.9

Not Working

1.7

Sum

100.0

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Table 3 data shows that the characteristics of respondents based on

occupation are the majority of working as private employees as many as 28

respondents (48.3%), and a minority of 1 respondent is not working (1.7%)

Table 4.

Frequency Distribution of Parental Education Characteristics at Puskesmas II

South Denpasar in 2021

Education

Frequency (f)

Percentage (%)

3.4

JUNIOR

3.4

High School / Vocational School

37.9

Diploma

25.9

Strata (S1/S2/S3)

29.3

Total

100.0

Table 4 data shows that the characteristics of respondents studied based on

education, the majority are high school / vocational schools as many as 22

respondents (37.9%), and minorities, namely elementary and junior high schools,

each as many as 2 respondents (3.4%)

Tabel 5.

Frequency Distribution of Characteristics of Parents' Knowledge Level About

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Prevention in Children 5-14 Years at Puskesmas II

South Denpasar in 2021

Based on table 5, it shows that the average score obtained by respondents is

with a score of 20.57 (good), and the lowest score of all respondents is a score of

16 (enough), and the highest score is 25 (good).

Tabel 6.

Frequency Distribution of Parents' Knowledge about the Prevention of Dengue

Hemorrhagic Fever in Children 5-14 Years Di Puskesmas II South Denpasar in

2021

Category

Frequency (f)

Percentage (%)

Good

Enough

Less

0.0

Total

100.0

Based on table 6, it shows that of the 58 respondents studied, most of them

have good knowledge, as many as 44 respondents (75.9%) and 14 respondents

(24.1%) have sufficient knowledge .

Based on the character of the age of respondents, it shows that the majority of

respondents aged in the range of 36-45 years as many as 30 respondents (51.7%),

have good knowledge as many as 24 respondents (41.4%), then have knowledge

of cuku p as many as 6 respondents (10.3%). The results of this study are in line

with research (Rohmah, Susanti, &; Haryanti, 2019), most of the respondents in

this study are late adults aged 36-45 years as many as 124 respondents (37.3) and

most have a good level of knowledge. According to research (Monintja, n.d.)

Average

Minimum Value

Maximum Value

20,57

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statesthat there is a close relationship between age and dengue prevention

measures.

The theoryaccording to (Notoatmodjo, 2012) that age affects a person's

comprehension and mindset, the older the person is, the more comprehension and

mindset he will develop, so that the knowledge possessed is getting better, but in

mental development, age will also affect the power Remember, so that at a certain

age, especially towards old age the ability to accept or remember knowledge tends

to decrease, but the oldera person gets, the more experience he has with a m or

object that he hasdied.

According to the assumption of researchers, age is one of the factors that can

affect a person's level of knowledge, the more mature a person's age, the higher

the level of knowledge possessed, but on the contrary, there is an age category that

is close to old age will result in a decrease in memory owned.

Based on gender, there were 31 female respondents, 23 respondents (39.7%)

had a good level of knowledge, and 8 respondents (13.8%) had sufficient

knowledge. Then the male gender as many as 27 respondents have good

knowledge as many as 21 respondents (36.2%), and have sufficient knowledge as

many as 6 respondents (10.3%). This research is in line with the results of the study

(Rojali, 2020) that most of the respondents were 87 women (81.3%) and men

(20%), in this study most respondents had a good level of knowledge (91.6%) in

preventing DHF. In line with research (Aritonang, Nadapdap, &; Supeno, 2016)

that the majority of genders in this study are 77 women (77%) with most having a

good level of knowledge related to DHF prevention efforts.

According to Green's theory in (Notoatmodjo, 2012) says that gender

includes predisposing factors or possible factors that can influence a person's

behavior in carrying out the actions to be performed. Women tend to be more

concerned about their condition and surroundings, especially in terms of health.

In addition, women have traditionally been the main role in protecting their

homes and environments, so if women do not have enough knowledge about DHF

prevention efforts, they are at high risk of high dengue cases in children.

The number of female respondents in the results of this study, related to the

time of the visit made by the researcher with the Monitoring Officer General

(Jumantik) Puskesmas II Denpasar Selatan, during the visit of this researcher

many respondents, namely mothers as parents of children who have been exposed

to DHF are more at home in the morning, besides that there are some male

respondents / fathers who hand over the responsibility in filling out questionnaires

to female respondents / mothers. Therefore, according to the assumption of

researchers, gender is not closely related to the level of knowledge of parents about

the prevention of DHF in children.

Based on employment, the majority of respondents work as private

employees 28 respondents (48.3), have good knowledge as many as 24

respondents (41.4%) and as many as 4 respondents (6.9%) have sufficient

knowledge. Then housewives as many as 15 respondents, have good knowledge

as many as 10 respondents (17.2%) and enough as many as 5 respondents (8.6%).

This research is in line with the results of the study (Rohmah et al., 2019) the

majority of respondents' jobs are private employees 114 respondents (34.3%) and

housewives 79 respondents (23.8%). Workfor society will have an influence on

his family life, someone who has worked then the level of ability to think will

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affect knowledge. From the results of the study, the majority of respondents' jobs

were as private employees and housewives, and the knowledge of respondents

who worked as private employees and housewives was mostly good. With jobs

as private employees and housewives, respondents interact more with the

environment and surrounding residents. This will also affect the information

obtained, for example knowledge about DHF (Rohmah et al., 2019).

According to (Notoatmodjo, 2012) good knowledge can also be obtained

from the work environment of an individual, for example: someone who works in

a health environment, they will directly or indirectly get information or knowledge

related to the health sector, but ice someone who works does not necessarily have

better knowledge Compared to people who do not work, people who do not

work tend to get information from others, so they can copyg exchange information

and knowledge that they have with each other.

Therefore, according to researchers, work has a close relationship that can

affect the level of knowledge a person has, people who work will tend to get more

information and experience so that they are able to apply it in their lives, especially

in the prevention of DHF in children.

Based on education, the majority of respondents had high school /

vocational education as many as 22 respondents (37.9%), with good knowledge

as many as 15 respondents (25.9%) and 7 respondents (12.1%) had sufficient

knowledge. In line with the results of the study (Rezki Putri, 2016) showed that

most respondents had higher education (SMA/SMK, Diploma and College) as

many as 78 respondents, of whom had a good level of knowledge of dengue

prevention as many as 55 respondents, and 23 respondents had a lack of

knowledge of DHF prevention, in this study stated that there was a close

relationship between the level of education and the level of knowledge about

dengue prevention. In line with research (Wira Setyawati Zendrato, Bistok Saing,

2018) that most respondents have high school and higher education, the majority

of their knowledge levels are good.

All responses given by an individual to the object observed are strongly

influenced by the tin gkat education, the responsegiven can later be in the form of

new knowledge possessed by an individual (Notoatmodjo, 2012)(Notoatmodjo,

2012). Education is an effort to develop one's personality and abilities, both inside

and outside school, and will last a lifetime. Therefore, according to the

assumption of researchers, the higher the education, the learning process in

receiving information will be easier, the more knowledge obtained, especially

about health, it is expected that the knowledge possessed will be wider and able to

be applied in everyday life, especially in efforts to prevent DHF.

Knowledge is a result obtained from remembering something or events that

have been experienced either intentionally or unintentionally (Mubarak, 2015).

This usually occurs when someone makes an observation of a certain object.

Knowledge of parents in the family is the basis for determining the attitudes and

behaviors they will carry out regarding efforts to prevent dengue hemorrhagic

fever (Asiah, Wahyuni, & Suzanni, 2014). Knowledge of dengue hemorrhagic

fever and how to prevent it is very important that parents must have, so that this

will be able to reduce the risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever that occurs especially

in children (WHO, 2011).

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Based ontable 6 data, it shows that of the 58 respondents studied, most of

them have good knowledge, as many as 44 respondents (75.9%) and 14

respondents (24.1%) have sufficient knowledge. The results of this study are in

line with research conducted by (Sandi &; Kartika, 2017), showing that out of 100

respondents, most of the respondents' knowledge level is good (85%), then 15

respondents (15%) have less knowledge level related to dengue prevention efforts.

Knowledge about dengue fever prevention and prevention, whichis an important

thing that must be known by the community, especially parents, should parents

who have the rightto manage the household can know about dengue fever and

prevention efforts that can bedone in their families (Sandi &; Kartika, 2017).

In line with research (Wahyu Nur Cahyo, 2014), out of 92 respondents, as

many as 55 respondents had a good level of knowledge, while 37 respondents had

a level of knowledge less. Based on the results of this study states that there is a

meaningful relationship between parental knowledge and the incidence of dengue

hemorrhagic fever in children. The results of this study are also in line with

research conducted by (Wati, Astuti, &; Sari, 2016), which shows that there is a

meaningful relationship between parents' knowledge about the implementation of

dengue prevention and the incidence of dengue fever in children at Banjarbaru

Regional Hospital in 2015. Knowledge is one of the important factors that

influence public health behavior, so in this case health knowledge needs to be

improved in society, especially in families.

Based on table 5 data, it shows that the average score obtained by

respondents is with a score of 20.57 (good), while the scores obtained from all

respondents are the lowest score of 16 (sufficient) and the highest score of 25

(good). From the results of this study shows that most respondents have good

knowledge about dengue prevention. According to the researchers' assumptions,

parents' knowledge of DHF will affect the way of thinking in taking action so that

their family members, especially children, do not contract DHF, and if anyone has

been infected, it is hoped that later they will be able to know the prevention efforts

so as not to get dengue again. This is very expected, because if parents with good

knowledge will be able to help reduce the morbidity and mortality rate of children

affected by DHF. According to (Notoatmodjo, 2012), that behavior is not a

reflection of one's attitude, but one's own attitude is influenced by the knowledge

possessed. Good knowledge will be able to influence behavior in dengue

prevention, behavior based on knowledge will be more lasting than behavior that

is not based on knowledge. With the results of this research, the community,

especially parents, is expected to be able to apply the knowledge they have in

making efforts to prevent DHF, especially in the family. In addition, in this case,

Puskesmas as a forum for improving public health, to always provide health

education to the community, especially to parents related to DHF prevention

efforts, so that later this can be used as something that can help improve public

health programs that will be applied, especially within families.

CONCLUSION

Based on the age characteristics of most of the age of 36-45 years, which is as

many as 30 respondents (51.7%). Bbased on the sex of the most female sex is 31

respondents (53.4%). Based on employment, most of them work as private

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employees as many as 28 respondents (48.3%). Based on education, most of them

had high school / vocational education as many as 22 respondents (37.9%).

Thelevel of knowledge of respondents shows that the average score obtained

is with a score of 20.57 (good), while the scores obtained from all respondents are

the lowest score of 16 (enough) and the highest score of 25 (good), and most of them

have good knowledge as many as 44 respondents (75.9%) and 14 respondents

(24.1%) have sufficient knowledge.

The level of parental knowledge based on age, most respondents aged in the

range of 36-45 years as many as 30 respondents (51.7%), have good knowledge as

many as 24 respondents (41.4%), then have sufficient knowledge as many as 6

respondents (10.3%). Bbased on gender, female gender respondents were 31

respondents, had a good level of knowledge as many as 23 respondents (39.7%), and

had sufficient knowledge as many as 8 respondents (13.8%). Based on employment,

most respondents work as private employees 28 respondents (48.3), have good

knowledge as many as 24 respondents (41.4%) and as many as 4 respondents (6.9%)

have sufficient knowledge. Based on education, at most 22 respondents (37.9%) had

high school / vocational education, with good knowledge as many as 15 respondents

(25.9%) and 7 respondents (12.1%) had sufficient knowledge.

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I Nyoman Ribek, I Putu Artha Wiguna , I Ketut Labir, Ida Ketut Surinati,

I Made Mertha (2023)

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